4 steps for a pathogen free environment

The HyCare method is based on 4 pillars:

1. pore-free floors and walls
2. a clean stable by thorough cleaning and disinfection after each round
3. preventive pest control
4. clean and germless drinking water.

Furthermore, good external and internal biosecurity are necessary. Pig farms that have implemented all these steps will be supervised by MS Schippers to maintain the HyCare method. This method achieves goals such as improved health, higher growth and feed conversion and less antibiotic use (up to 100% reduction). The good news is; due to the low-threshold, the method can easily be used in any pig stable without high investments.

The 4 HyCare pillars

Pore-free floors and walls
Concrete is a widely used product in pig farms worldwide. The disadvantage of concrete is that it is often porous and allows micro-organisms to nest in the pores, flakes and tears of the walls and floors. For example, lime sandstone can absorb up to 450 ml of water/pathogens in a single brick, while it appears apparently clean and dry. The penetration of micro-organisms can be prevented by applying a plastic coating over the floors and walls. In addition, the floors and walls are also easier and more hygienic to clean and disinfect.

A clean stable
A healthy living environment is very important for pigs. In hygienic animal housing, they stay fit and vital and this will positively improve the production/economic results. Newborn animals are also given the chance to make a good start without being infected directly at birth by a filthy environment. This means that both the stable and all materials must be clean. It allows pigs to focus all their energy on performance instead of disease control. To kill pathogens it is important to clean first and then disinfect (see Figure 1).

Figure 1 – Proliferacy of pathogens in pig farms.

It seems like a time-consuming job, but it is very important for the well-being of your animals. With healthier animals, you actually save time. When applying the steps correctly, you reduce the pathogen pressure significantly.

Preventive pest control
Flies, rats, mice and other vermin are huge disease transmitters in pig farms. They can cause major inconvenience for both pigs and farmer. Effective control is useful and this already begins with maggot control in the fertiliser pit. It can be a time-consuming and not always easy job, but this could be outsourced to MS Schippers who has a professional team of pest controllers on stand-by.

Clean and germless drinking water
The importance of the quality of drinking water is often underestimated, yet water is the most important nutrient for animals. Animals consume more water (66%) daily than food (33%). Poor water quality can have serious consequences on the health of the pigs and costs the livestock farmer a great deal of money. To maximise the performance of pigs, it is important that they have access to clean, healthy drinking water. Water is necessary for vital biological functions like growth, body temperature, the transport of foodstuffs and waste in the body.

One of the most significant causes of contaminated drinking water is a biofilm in the water supply. Cleaning this is necessary to prevent the formation of biofilm, which occurs through the accumulation of iron, manganese, calcium, and various additives to the water, like medication. A typical property of biofilm is that many illnesses (E. Coli, Salmonella, Clostridium, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Campylobacter, etc.) can survive and grow inside it.

The importance of hygiene

Dr Godfried Groenland, veterinarian at De Heus Animal Feed, has been working in livestock farming for 29 years. He has conducted serology and manure research on 30 farms and has concluded that there is a direct effect between hygiene and serology. Furthermore he claims that the improvement in serology and manure is proportionate to the improvement in growth. Groenland measured infections per illness:

• Salmonella
• Lawsonia
• Circovirus

Illnesses that are also spread through manure, in the pen, and on the grates. It appears that if you clean really well, the chance that such illnesses occur is much smaller and the technical results are much better.

“It is a pity to move a piglet with no illnesses to a poorly cleaned department at 10 weeks. We then see positive serological test results around 3-4-5 weeks, or we register a high number of intestinal pathogens. You also see that the technical results on these farms are getting worse,” says Dr Groenland. “In the research carried out by De Heus at 30 farms, we see that there is a 150g difference between farms that have had many infections in the fattener department and farms that have had very few infections.”

In the research they also looked at the way in which cleaning and disinfection occurred. The farms can be classified as:

• farms where absolutely nothing was done
• farms that only clean with water
• farms that cleaned with water and then degreased or disinfected
• farms that cleaned with water and then degreased as well as disinfected

Figure 2 shows Salmonella, Lawsonia (also called Pia) and circovirus in accordance with the level of cleaning and disinfection. The better the cleaning and disinfection, the fewer positive serology results occurred at these farms in the first five weeks. Thus, we see a direct effect on the reduction of all these infections from cleaning and disinfection.

Proven results

HAS University of Applied Sciences and Fachhochschule Südwestfalen University of Applied Sciences followed the results of the HyCare method in the trial company “De Raamloop” of MS Schippers. At this trial company, the results of a regular pig stable with the HyCare stable were compared. The regular pig stable is an ordinary stable, comparable to what most pig farmers have. The stable is only cleaned with water, the floors are not coated and there is no optimised drinking water. The HyCare stable is exactly the same stable, but here all MS Schippers concepts and advices are applied. The floors and walls are coated and thus pore free, the stable is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected after each round, water is optimised and there is active rodent control. Every effort is made to prevent cross-contamination. Implementing this method led to 94% less antibiotic use, 5-10% more feed efficiency, 10% higher growth, 41% lower mortality rate and a better classification at slaughter.